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- - - The Biblical calendar, later known as the "Hebrew" or "Jewish" calendar is based upon the natural astronomical movements of the sun, moon and stars - the clockwork of the heavens.
The Day
Biblical days were reckoned from sunset to sunset - each day began at sunset, and ended at the next sunset. The "night first" counting method was instituted by God Himself at the very beginning - "And there was evening, and there was morning, the first day." (Genesis 1:5)
The Month
Biblical months were exactly one lunar month long - each month began and ended at the astronomical new moon, when the moon was directly between the earth and the sun. See Bible Months
The Year
Biblical years began in the spring (in the northern hemisphere), in the month when the Passover was observed. Even the Romans used a version of a "spring beginning" calendar for a long time before changing it to a January 1 "new year."
The Week - Another Proof Of God's Existence
God created the week of seven days at the time of creation, and decreed the seventh day of the week holy (Genesis 2:2-3). As such, The Fourth Commandment identifies The Lord as The God of Creation. No other day, and no other "god," can rightfully make that claim.
The seven-day week is the only common time-measurement that cannot be detected by natural means. The length of a day is obvious from sunset to sunset, a month from new moon to new moon, a year from spring to spring, but the seven-day week exists only because it was revealed by God to humanity, according to His Will. If there were no God, there would be no week.
Fact Finder: How do we know that God set the beginning of the Biblical new year in the spring?
Exodus 12:1-2
